Always a pre-production sample before mass production; Always final Inspection before shipment; 

A colorimeter or spectrophotometer should be used to measure the color of a solution. The instrument directs light through the liquid and quantifies absorbance at certain wavelengths. The values obtained indicate the color intensity of the solution and, by default, the concentration of the solution.

The machine used to measure color is primarily called a colorimeter or spectrophotometer. 

Spectrophotometer: The most common and precise type. It analyzes light reflected/transmitted by an object across the visible spectrum to quantify color accurately. A spectrophotometer can measure colors on smooth or matte surfaces, as well as textured, glossy, mirror-like surfaces, and special effect colors. It measures the reflected light of a sample at a fixed angle (e.g., 45˚) or captures light reflected at all angles to calculate color measurements that closely match what the human eye perceives. Additionally, similar to how humans flip a sample to view colors from different angles, a spectrophotometer is suitable for measuring a variety of materials and surface characteristics. Widely used in industries like paint, textiles, plastics, Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, and printing. 

Colorimeter: Also called photoelectric integrating colorimeter, a simpler, more cost-effective option. It measures color based on three primary colors (RGB) and is suitable for basic color matching needs. A photoelectric integrating colorimeter is a color measurement device based on the photoelectric integration principle. It directly measures the tristimulus values XYZ of an object's color using three color filters (red, green, blue) and silicon photocells as three sensors. The color measurement principle of this instrument imitates the human eye's mechanism of perceiving the three primary colors (red, green, blue). It corrects the relative spectral sensitivity of the detector through color filters to match the CIE-recommended spectral tristimulus value functions x(λ), y(λ), and z(λ).

Spectrocolorimeter: Combines the functions of spectrophotometers and colorimeters, offering both spectral data and color space values for comprehensive analysis.

Powder paint gloss levels are classified as:

● Flat: 0–10 GU

● Satin: 11–40 GU

● Semi-gloss: 41–70 GU

● Gloss: 71–85 GU

● High Gloss: 86+ GU
 

These are measured at a 60° angle for standardization.

A colorimeter is used to measure absorbance at selected wavelengths with the help of filters, which is suitable for rapid comparison of colors. A more advanced spectrophotometer has a monochromator. It can measure a larger range of the spectrum of light and is more accurate. You can also get detailed color data at visible and non-visible wavelengths.

A digital coating thickness gauge is used to measure the thickness of dried paint. It measures coating thickness specification non-destructively, helping to maintain consistent quality and performance.

Standard models are available in a range of sizes, starting from small desktop units which are roughly the size of 60 x 40 x 40 cm, and extending to larger units which are about 120 x 60 x 80 cm based on what you need them for.

In industrial production and quality control, color consistency is one of the core elements determining product quality. Whether it is the metallic paint for automobile coating, the dyeing effect of textile fabrics, or the ink matching in packaging and printing, subtle color deviations may lead to cost waste or damage to brand image.

The LAB color space defines colors with a three-dimensional model:

1. Lightness (L): It indicates the lightness or darkness of a color, ranging from 0 (pure black) to 100 (pure white).

2. Hue and Saturation (a and b):

• The a-axis represents the red-green tendency, with positive values leaning towards red and negative values leaning towards green;

• The b-axis represents the yellow-blue tendency, with positive values leaning towards yellow and negative values leaning towards blue.

It is a globally recognized standard and supported by most modern color measurement equipment. Color is quantitatively analyzed by measuring Lab values with instruments.

An 18% gray background reduces distractions and color bias, helping in a more accurate assessment.

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