A calorimeter is used to measure heat that is gained or lost during a chemical or physical reaction. A sample is taken in an insulated container, and a temperature change is measured. This assists in computing the alterations in energy by the equation Q = mcΔT, where Q is heat.

Flickering lamps, color shifts, and uneven lighting are common faults, which can be corrected by changing the tubes, cleaning the interiors, and re calibrating the light system.

Powder paint gloss levels are commonly classified as:

● Flat/Matte: 0–10 GU

● Satin: 10–40 GU

● Semi-Gloss: 40–70 GU

● Gloss: 70–85 GU

High Gloss: 85+ GU
These ranges can vary by manufacturer and application angle.

A magnetic induction gauge measures galvanized coatings by sensing the zinc coating on steel and iron. The measurement tells how thick the protective coating is. This is done to ensure the prevention of rusting.  

Haze measurement can be distorted by scratches on the surface, dust, temperature, and light. 

D/8°and 45°/0°are two kinds of illumination geometry with different optical geometry design. D/8°illumination geometry is more widely used for the color comparison and measurement of high-gloss materials; 45°/0°illumination geometry is mainly used in printing and packaging industries. 

Zero calibration of a hazemeter is a critical pre-measurement procedure to ensure the instrument’s accuracy by resetting its baseline to "zero" when no haze or light attenuation is present.

1. Align the hazemeter’s measurement window with air or a black background, ensuring no objects block the window.

2. Press the hazemeter’s zero calibration button and wait for the instrument to complete automatic calibration. At this point, the instrument should display a zero haze value and a zero light transmittance value.

3. Observe the instrument’s display to confirm the zero calibration result stabilizes near zero. If the zero calibration is inaccurate, repeat the above steps multiple times until the displayed haze and light transmittance values stabilize near zero.

Perform 0-degree calibration before testing, this eliminates inherent instrument drift, environmental interference, or residual signal errors, ensuring subsequent measurements of transparent/translucent samples (e.g., plastic films，pvc, glass, coating, displays and cosmetic packaging) are reliable. Correct for minor instrument deviations caused by long-term use, temperature changes, or power fluctuations.

The haze meter test assesses the degree of light scattering that occurs when light traverses a transparent or translucent material, producing a percentage that quantifies example or cloudiness.

A paint gloss meter is used to measure the level of paint gloss, whereby it reflects light at some angles, such as 20°, 60°, or 85° angles, and measures the intensity of that light. To measure surface sheen, the level of gloss is compared to standards that are calibrated and reported in units of gloss (GU).

The number of reflected light is a measure assigned by a gloss meter as a gloss unit (GU). It is a normalized quantity in which 100 GU is normally a perfect reflection at 60°, and 0° GU is a full diffusion.